Driven by success: the car market moves into top gear

It was a race against time, but global carmakers beat a deadline to sign off on new investment agreements at the end of February that will exempt them from new tightened limits on imports. The Kremlin will hike duties for any producer that has not promised to enhance production to 300,000 units and increase the proportion of domestic inputs to 60% by 2020. 

Of the eight global manufacturers already working in Russia, six have submitted proposals and the new investment agreements are expected to be signed by June, says Alexander Rakhmanov, the director of the automotive and agricultural machinery department at Russia’s Ministry of Industry and Trade. 

“We didn’t expect such a strong response from the producers,” says Rakhmanov. “So now, we are sure that Russia will be the number one car producer in Europe in the coming years.” 

Russia is underinvested with approximately $1400 per capital of foreign direct investment in 2010 compared to between four and eight times as much for the Central European states. Yet the government’s investment strategy for the automobile sector has turned out to be highly successful. 

The state negotiated attractive tax and import duty breaks for foreign companies willing to build factories in the middle of the last decade and several automotive clusters have emerged. The biggest ones are in St Petersburg and Kaluga region while the production of foreign brands by Russian factories soared to the point where the international companies were out-producing the leading domestic manufacturers Avtovaz and Gaz in 2008. 

The new investment pacts are deigned to follow on from the current agreements that expire in 2020. The Kremlin is in a rush to finish reforming a sector that employs well over a million people as Russia is widely expected to accede to the WTO this year that comes with a mandatory reduction on import duties for cars. 

Rakhmanov says the production of passenger cars is already sophisticated enough to compete with the international producers head-on. 

“With cars, we are ready to compete and WTO access will not have a big impact,” says Rakhmanov. “There is a seven-year transition period and that is more than enough time to finish the ongoing reforms. In buses and trucks, the situation is different, but we are looking at various measures to prepare those sectors for accession.” 

The investment policy for the automotive sector is starting to look like an unadulterated success that is fulfilling the Kremlin’s key goals of modernising and diversifying the Russian economy. 

Rakhmanov is confident it will become both an investment node for building the industry and also act as a blueprint for other sectors. 

“For every one job that we create in the automotive industry, we create another 16 jobs in ancillary sectors,” says Rakhmanov. “And the Russian market is still far from reaching saturation, but the market is already a developed one with some features of an emerging market.” 

The new investment comes with the badly needed international expertise and technology that will drive Russia’s modernisation. In return, the automakers get easier access to what could be Europe’s biggest in the next four years. 

"International car makers are pretty excited, because they forecast significant growth in car sales in the next decade. We expect that car sales will recover to the pre-crisis levels by 2013," says Mikhail Ganelin, analyst at Troika Dialog. 

Already the new investment deal has led to a raft of joint ventures and a big increase in investment commitments. The US' Ford and General Motors, Germany's Volkswagen and Japan's Toyota have all announced investments of over $1 billion to boost local production and stake a claim to markets ranging from St.Petersburg to the Pacific Rim port of Vladivostock.

All rights reserved by Rossiyskaya Gazeta.